{"id":3388,"date":"2022-11-07T19:55:55","date_gmt":"2022-11-07T14:25:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cthecosmos.com\/?p=3388"},"modified":"2022-11-07T20:00:33","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T14:30:33","slug":"sliding-over-%f0%9d%90%91%f0%9d%90%92-%f0%9d%9f%90%f0%9d%9f%91%f0%9d%9f%90","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cthecosmos.com\/?p=3388","title":{"rendered":"Sliding over \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background has-text-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#050000;font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;\">     <br> It is used for the Serial interface. Other devices can be controlled through the terminal for text interface through RS 232.<br><br>It was introduced in 1960 and since its introduction, it was known as \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0 but it is now officially called \ud835\udc13\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0.<br><br>The TIA-232 describes mostly the \ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd3-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27\u00a0 connector, the \ud835\udfd7-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector description is also available. The 25-pin connector was not of much use, so the manufacturers started to use the 9-pin connection.<br><br>The original standard i.e the 25 pin connection has a secondary tx\/rx. It\u2019s 2 interfaces in 1.<br><br>Although the RS232 \u00a0\u00a0\ud835\udc1d\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2c \ud835\udc27\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2d \ud835\udc2e\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc1e \ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc21\ud835\udc1e \ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc25\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc24 \ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc20\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc25, the original 25 pin interface uses some clock signals such as<br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; Transmit clock from DCE<br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; Receive clock<br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; Transmit clock from DTE<br><br>\ud835\udc13\ud835\udc21\ud835\udc1e \ud835\udfd7-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 \ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2b \ud835\udc30\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2c \ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1d\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc33\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1d \ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2c \ud835\udc04\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00\/\ud835\udc13\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00-\ud835\udfd3\ud835\udfd5\ud835\udfd2<br><br><strong>\u201cRS-232 is an interface between Data Terminal Equipment and Data Circuit Terminating Equipment Employing Serial Binary Data interchange.\u201d<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"99\" data-attachment-id=\"3395\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/cthecosmos.com\/?attachment_id=3395\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cthecosmos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image.png?fit=500%2C99&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"500,99\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"image\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cthecosmos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image.png?fit=500%2C99&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/cthecosmos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/image.png?resize=500%2C99&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3395\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background has-text-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#050000;font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;\"><br><br>The RS 232 uses 2 conditions, the \ud835\udc12\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc20 \ud835\udc02\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27 and the \ud835\udc0c\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc24\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc20 \ud835\udc02\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc1d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27.<br><br>This terminology comes from the era of telegraphs\/paper tapes where the marking condition means the mark\/hole on the paper and the spacing condition means an empty region on the paper.<br><br>A simple working example would be:<br><br>When a key is pressed and if you capture a single shot signal on the oscilloscope, a signal will be generated spanning from -\ud835\udfd4\ud835\udc15 \ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc28 &gt;+\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udc15.<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0For the interchange of signals, it is said to be in marking condition when the signal is greater than -3 Volts w.r.t to Signal common and the Signal is in spacing condition when the signal is more than +3 Volts w.r.t to the circuit. The region between +- 3 Volts is said to be the \ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc27\ud835\udc2c\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27 \ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc20\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc27. The signal state is undefined when the signal is in the transition state.<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The RS 232 does not use a clock signal. So when do the devices know which bit is being delivered when or w\ud835\udc30\ud835\udc21\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc21 \ud835\udc1b\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc2d \ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc28 \ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc1d \ud835\udc30\ud835\udc21\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc27?<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The devices should agree on the data rate or popularly known as \ud835\udc01\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2e\ud835\udc1d \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc1a\ud835\udc2d\ud835\udc1e.<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Baud= Symbols\/Second<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Commonly used Baud rates are 4800,9600,38400,57600,115200&#8230;<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0If we select 9600 as the baud rate, then we get 1\/9600 i.e ~0.000104167 i.e 1 bit every 4 microseconds<br><br>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The first bit is the start bit i.e 1. The next 8 bits are data bits.<br><br>The least significant bit is the first.<br><br>After transitions of the last bit, the signal stays low until the next bit press. It does so as it requires a minimum amount of ideal time for transmission between 2 characters.<br><br>Although there are many new protocols, RS-232 is still widely used in many industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background has-text-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;\">How was your experience with RS-232? Did you use it?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#embedded<\/strong> <strong>#embeddedsystems<\/strong> <strong>#cprogramming<\/strong> <strong>#protocols<\/strong> <strong>#rs232<\/strong> <strong>#learning<\/strong> <strong>#reach<\/strong> <strong>#Tia232<\/strong> <strong>#embeddedprotocols<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-light-gray-color has-dark-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\">Image Soruce: EngineersGarage<br>Inforamtion: Ben Eaters Youtube and Wiki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It is used for the Serial interface. Other devices can be controlled through the terminal for text interface through RS 232. It was introduced in 1960 and since its introduction, it was known as \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0 but it is now officially called \ud835\udc13\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0. The TIA-232 describes mostly the \ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd3-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27\u00a0 connector, the \ud835\udfd7-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector description is also [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/cthecosmos.com\/?p=3388\" class=\"more-link\">Read More <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Sliding over \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0<\/span><\/a>","protected":false},"author":120055267,"featured_media":3390,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1342,28627],"tags":[1634593,38887748,756945095,10969655,34939379,86425,247323,1801435,756945092],"class_list":["post-3388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","category-embedded","tag-c-2","tag-embedded-2","tag-embeddedprotocols","tag-embeddedsystems","tag-learning-2","tag-protocols","tag-reach","tag-rs232","tag-tia232","fallback-thumbnail"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"It is used for the Serial interface. Other devices can be controlled through the terminal for text interface through RS 232.It was introduced in 1960 and since its introduction, it was known as \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0 but it is now officially called \ud835\udc13\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0.The TIA-232 describes mostly the \ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd3-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector, the \ud835\udfd7-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector description is also available. 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Other devices can be controlled through the terminal for text interface through RS 232.It was introduced in 1960 and since its introduction, it was known as \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0 but it is now officially called \ud835\udc13\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0.The TIA-232 describes mostly the \ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd3-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector, the \ud835\udfd7-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector description is also available. 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Other devices can be controlled through the terminal for text interface through RS 232.It was introduced in 1960 and since its introduction, it was known as \ud835\udc11\ud835\udc12-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0 but it is now officially called \ud835\udc13\ud835\udc08\ud835\udc00-\ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd1\ud835\udfd0.The TIA-232 describes mostly the \ud835\udfd0\ud835\udfd3-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector, the \ud835\udfd7-\ud835\udc29\ud835\udc22\ud835\udc27 connector description is also available. 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Other devices can be controlled through the terminal for text interface through RS 232.It was introduced in 1960 and since its introduction, it was known as \\ud835\\udc11\\ud835\\udc12-\\ud835\\udfd0\\ud835\\udfd1\\ud835\\udfd0 but it is now officially called \\ud835\\udc13\\ud835\\udc08\\ud835\\udc00-\\ud835\\udfd0\\ud835\\udfd1\\ud835\\udfd0.The TIA-232 describes mostly the \\ud835\\udfd0\\ud835\\udfd3-\\ud835\\udc29\\ud835\\udc22\\ud835\\udc27 connector, the \\ud835\\udfd7-\\ud835\\udc29\\ud835\\udc22\\ud835\\udc27 connector description is also available. 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